Todo Ali Gali

Written units

ID	Variants				Ligated Variants
ID	isol	init	medi	fina	init	medi	fina
A	 a	 a e i o ue hX hh	 a e i o ue ng n hh	 a n			
Aa				 a			
B		 b	 b		 	 
B2				 b
Bh		 pX	 pX		 	 
C		 chX	 chX
Ch		 z	 z	 z
Cp		 j	 j	 j
Cr2		 trhX	 trhX
Dp		 d	 d	 d
Ds		 drX	 drX	 drX
Dv		 tX	 tX
E			 e	 e			
G		 gX g	 gX g ng ngX		 	 
G2				 ng
Hb		 g	 g
Hp			 g	 g
Hr			 hX hh lh	 hh
I		 y	 y			
I3				 i			
Ip			 i			
Ir				 yX
J		 c	 c	 c
K		 khX	 khX		 	 
K2		 kX	 kX		 	 
L		 l lh	 l lh	 l		
Lv			 lvs	 lvs
M		 m	 m			
M2				 m
N		 ngX n	 ngX n
Ny		 ny	 ny
O			 ue	 ue			
Ob			 o	 o			
Ph		 p	 p		 	 
Q		 qX	 qX
R		 r	 r	 r
Rz		 zhX	 zhX
S		 s	 s	 s
Sh		 sh	 sh	 sh
Sx		 shX	 shX
Tp		 t	 t	 t
U				 ue
Wb		 w	 w	 w
Wn		 nrX	 nrX
Wp			 waX	 waX
Yp			 yX	 yX
Zr2		 trX	 trX
Zz		 zr	 zr	 zr
Zz2		 zr	 zr	 zr
Zz3		 zX	 zX

Phonetic letters

Letter	FVS	Variants
Letter	FVS	isol	init	medi	fina
1820 ᠠ a	-			 A
	1	 A		 A A	 Aa
	2		 A A		 A
	3	 A A
1844 ᡄ e	-	 A E	 A E	 E	 E
1844 ᡄ e	1			 A E
1845 ᡅ i	-	 A I3	 A Ip		 I3
	1			 A Ip
	2			 Ip
1846 ᡆ o	-	 A Ob	 A Ob	 Ob	 Ob
1846 ᡆ o	1			 A Ob
1849 ᡉ ue	-	 A U	 A O	 O
	1	 A O		 A O	 O
	2				 U
1843 ᡃ lvs	-	 → medi	 → medi	 Lv	 Lv
183A ᠺ kX	-	 → init	 K2	 K2	 → medi
183B ᠻ khX	-	 → init	 K	 K	 → medi
183E ᠾ hX	-	 → init	 A Hr	 Hr	 → medi
1889 ᢉ gX	-	 → init	 G	 G	 → medi
184E ᡎ g	-	 → init 2			 Hp
	1	 → init 1	 G	 Hp
	2		 Hb	 G
	3			 Hb
184A ᡊ ng	-	 → medi	 → medi	 A G	 A G2
188A ᢊ ngX	-	 → init	 N G	 N G	 → medi
1853 ᡓ j	-	 → init	 Cp	 Cp	 Cp
183C ᠼ chX	-	 → init	 C	 C	 → medi
185C ᡜ zr	-	 → init	 Zz	 Zz	 Zz
185C ᡜ zr	1	 → init 1	 Zz2	 Zz2	 Zz2
185B ᡛ ny	-	 → init	 Ny	 Ny	 → medi
188C ᢌ trX	-	 → init	 Zr2	 Zr2	 → medi
188D ᢍ trhX	-	 → init	 Cr2	 Cr2	 → medi
188E ᢎ drX	-	 → init	 Ds	 Ds	 Ds
188F ᢏ nrX	-	 → init	 Wn	 Wn	 → medi
1890 ᢐ tX	-	 → init	 Dv	 Dv	 → medi
1850 ᡐ t	-	 → init	 Tp	 Tp	 Tp
1851 ᡑ d	-	 → init	 Dp	 Dp	 Dp
1828 ᠨ n	-	 → init	 N
	1			 N
	2			 A	 A
1892 ᢒ pX	-				 → medi 1
1892 ᢒ pX	1	 → init 1	 Bh	 Bh
184C ᡌ p	-				 → medi 1
184C ᡌ p	1	 → init 1	 Ph	 Ph
184B ᡋ b	-	 → init	 B	 B	 B2
184F ᡏ m	-	 → init	 M	 M	 M2
1855 ᡕ y	-	 → init	 I	 I	 → medi
18A7 ᢧ yX	-	 → medi	 → medi	 Yp	 Yp
18A7 ᢧ yX	1				 Ir
1837 ᠷ r	-	 → init	 R	 R	 R
182F ᠯ l	-	 → init	 L	 L	 L
1856 ᡖ w	-	 → init	 Wb	 Wb	 Wb
18A6 ᢦ waX	-	 → medi	 → medi	 Wp	 Wp
1831 ᠱ sh	-	 → init 2			 Sh
1831 ᠱ sh	2		 Sh	 Sh
1894 ᢔ shX	-	 → init	 Sx	 Sx	 → medi
1830 ᠰ s	-	 → init	 S	 S	 S
1859 ᡙ hh	-	 → init	 A Hr	 A Hr	 A Hr
1854 ᡔ c	-	 → init	 J	 J	 J
1834 ᠴ z	-	 → init	 Ch	 Ch	 Ch
1899 ᢙ zhX	-	 → init	 Rz	 Rz	 → medi
1896 ᢖ zX	-	 → init	 Zz3	 Zz3	 → medi
1897 ᢗ qX	-	 → init	 Q	 Q	 → medi
1840 ᡀ lh	-	 → init	 L Hr	 L Hr	 → medi

Shaping process

Letter classes

Class	Letters
masculine vowel	a, o
feminine vowel	e, ue
neuter vowel	i
vowel	a, e, i, o, ue, lvs
long vowel	a, e, i, o, ue
consonant	kX, khX, hX, gX, g, ng, ngX, j, chX, zr, ny, trX, trhX, drX, nrX, tX, t, d, n, pX, p, b, m, y, yX, r, l, w, waX, sh, shX, s, hh, c, z, zhX, zX, qX, lh
bowed written unit	K2, K, G, Bh, Ph, B

Mongolian-specific phase

Shaping step	Letters	Condition	Mapping type
2. Syllabic	g	if precedes a masculine vowel or a masculine long vowel:	`masculine_onset`
		else if precedes a feminine vowel or a neuter vowel or a feminine long vowel or a neuter long vowel:	`feminine`
		else if g follows a vowel or a long vowel:	`masculine_devsger`
5. Post-bowed	a, i, ue	if follows a bowed written unit:	`post_bowed`

Conditional mapping

Letter	Mapping type	Variants
Letter	Mapping type	isol	init	medi	fina
1820 ᠠ a	`default`				
1820 ᠠ a	`post_bowed`				
1844 ᡄ e	`default`				
1845 ᡅ i	`default`				
1846 ᡆ o	`default`				
1849 ᡉ ue	`default`				
1849 ᡉ ue	`post_bowed`				
1843 ᡃ lvs	`default`				
183A ᠺ kX	`default`				
183B ᠻ khX	`default`				
183E ᠾ hX	`default`				
1889 ᢉ gX	`default`				
184E ᡎ g	`default`				
	`devsger`			
	`feminine`			
	`masculine_onset`			
184A ᡊ ng	`default`				
188A ᢊ ngX	`default`				
1853 ᡓ j	`default`				
183C ᠼ chX	`default`				
185C ᡜ zr	`default`				
185B ᡛ ny	`default`				
188C ᢌ trX	`default`				
188D ᢍ trhX	`default`				
188E ᢎ drX	`default`				
188F ᢏ nrX	`default`				
1890 ᢐ tX	`default`				
1850 ᡐ t	`default`				
1851 ᡑ d	`default`				
1828 ᠨ n	`default`				
	`devsger`			
	`onset`			
1892 ᢒ pX	`default`				
184C ᡌ p	`default`				
184B ᡋ b	`default`				
184F ᡏ m	`default`				
1855 ᡕ y	`default`				
18A7 ᢧ yX	`default`				
1837 ᠷ r	`default`				
182F ᠯ l	`default`				
1856 ᡖ w	`default`				
18A6 ᢦ waX	`default`				
1831 ᠱ sh	`default`				
1894 ᢔ shX	`default`				
1830 ᠰ s	`default`				
1859 ᡙ hh	`default`				
1854 ᡔ c	`default`				
1834 ᠴ z	`default`				
1899 ᢙ zhX	`default`				
1896 ᢖ zX	`default`				
1897 ᢗ qX	`default`				
1840 ᡀ lh	`default`				

References

Information technology — Todo nominal characters, presentation characters and use rules of controlling characters. China national standard, GB/T 36649—2018.
Zheng Weizhe. (2016). Preliminary proposal to encode four letters in Todo and Manchu Ali Gali. L2/16-331.
Kushim Jiang. (2021). Proposal to encode four Mongolian characters in UCS. L2/21-244.
Yeerda. (2017). 伊犁河流域额鲁特人托忒文文献荟萃. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press.
Хөхийн Бямбажав (2019). Тод үсгийн сурах бичиг. Улаанбаатар: Соёмбо Принтинг.